CRISPR 

Posted June 22, 2010; updated October 17, 2021. Disclaimer

CRISPR is an abbreviation for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats [CRISPR]: CRISPR Genetic Engineering has been projected to change Everything Forever – The end of disease.  Speculators have given it the name of "God Key".

What is crispr? CRISPR (/ˈkrɪspər/) is a family of DNA sequences in bacteria and archaea. The sequences contain snippets of DNA from viruses that have attacked the prokaryote or human beings. These snippets are used by the prokaryote to detect and destroy DNA from similar viruses during subsequent attacks. These sequences play a key role in a prokaryotic defense system, and form the basis of a technology known as CRISPR/Cas9 that effectively and specifically changes genes within organisms. Wiki: Crispr

There is a specific code in nature that determines the behavior of all organic life on this planet: DNA. We could use the “God Key” to seek out and destroy humanity’s deadliest genetic illnesses: Cancer, Alzheimer’s, Lou Gehrig’s disease, Parkinson’s, diabetes, and so on…

CRISPR is causing a major upheaval in biomedical research. Unlike other gene-editing methods, it is cheap, quick and easy to use, and it has swept through labs around the world as a result. Researchers hope to use it to adjust human genes to eliminate diseases, create hardier plants, wipe out pathogens and much more besides. 

In early 2011, Feng Zhang was just starting his own research group at the Broad Institute and MIT.

In January 2013, he reported the first successful demonstration of Cas9-based genome editing in human cells in what has become the most-cited CRISPR paper (Cong et al., Science, 2013). Researchers from George Church’s lab at Harvard University reported similar findings in the same issue of Science (Mali et al., Science, 2013). The Zhang and Church papers showed that Cas9 could be targeted to a specific location in the human genome and cut the DNA there. The cut DNA was then repaired by inserting a new stretch of DNA, supplied by the researchers, essentially achieving “find and replace” functionality in the human genome. In September, 2015, Zhang and partners described a different system, Cpf1, which appears to have significant implications for research and therapeutics. The Cpf1 system is simpler in that it requires only a single RNA. The Cpf1 enzyme is also smaller than the standard SpCas9, making it easier to deliver into cells and tissues. 

Edits with potential Several teams in China have already reported using CRISPR–Cas9 to alter disease-related genes in human embryos. Work is also under way in Sweden and the United Kingdom to use the technique to study the early stages of human embryo development. That research is aimed at understanding basic reproductive and developmental biology, as well as unpicking some of the causes of early miscarriages. For the latest Nature paper, embryo experiments were conducted in the United States and led by Shoukhrat Mitalipov, a reproductive-biology specialist at the Oregon Health and Science University in Portland. The United States does not allow federal money to be used for research involving human embryos, but the work is not illegal if it is funded by private donors. Ledford: Cripr fixes diseases 2017

Crispr:

Broad Institute  

Designer babies, the end of diseases, genetically modified humans that never age. Outrageous things that used to be science fiction are suddenly becoming reality. The only thing we know for sure is that things will change irreversibly.

Kurzgesagt – In a Nutshell, U-Tube, Aug 10, 2016  Length 16:03 mns.

Crisper in nutshell

"This technology really is that powerful, is here now, available right now. It is just that to be applied with hope of safety in humans, it would have to be tested for many more years and perfected." Knoepfler: Designer babies 2016

Deborah Netburn Los Angeles times, Crispr Technology, December 7, 2017. 

References:

Brown Jeff,  

Fan Shelly,"CRISPR Can Now Hitch a Ride on Nanoparticles to Battle Disease," SingularityHub, Nov 22, 2017  Fan: cripr, 2017

Knoepfler Paul, "GMO Sapiens- The life-changing science of designer babies," World Scintific Publishing Co., 2016.  Knoepfler: Designer babies 2016

Kolker Robert, "How Jennifer Doudna's gene editing technology will change the world," Bloomberg BusinessWorld,  Kolker: changing world

Mullin Emily, "Five ways to get CRISPR into the body," MIT Technology Review, September 22. 2017. Mullin: ways getting Crispr into body, 2017

Ledford Heidi, "CRISPR fixes disease gene in viable human embryos," Nature, August 02, 2017.  Ledford: Cripr fixes diseases 2017

Ledford Heidi, "CRISPR, the disruptor," Nature, June 08, 2015.  Leford: Crispr the disruptor 2015

 

Walsh Michael, "How can CRISPR genome editing shape the future of cancer research?" Science blog January 12, 2018.   Walsh: Crispr & cancer 2018

Wikipedia, "Crispr."  Wiki: Crispr